Manually operated mandrel rivet setting tool with lever throw adjustment

ABSTRACT

A mandrel rivet setting tool which provides for ready adjustment in the gripping strength of the jaws and in the throw of the lever to adjust for the strength of the rivet as well as for the grip of the individual operating the tool. Optional means for automatically collecting the mandrels is also provided. The tool may be used for rivets having mandrels formed over a wide range of diameters and of a range of materials.

United States Patent 1 Martin Oct. 30, 1973 [76] Inventor: Alan Martin, 44 Lantern Ln.,

Sharon, Mass. 02067 [22] Filed: Jan. 19, 1972 [21] App]. No.: 219,053

Related Application Data [63] Continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 10,891, Feb. 12,

1970, Pat. No. 3,646,800.

52 us. Cl. 72/391 3,363,445 l/l968 Sanders 72/391 3,426,572 2/1969 Lahnston 3,561,249 2/1971 Freeman 72/391 Primary Examiner-Charles W. Lanham Assistant Examiner-Gene P. Crosby Attorney-Bessie A. Lepper [5 7] ABSTRACT A mandrel rivet setting tool which provides for ready adjustment in the gripping strength of the jaws and in the throw of the lever to adjust for the strength of the rivet as well as for the grip of the individual operating [51] B2lj 15/34 the tool. Optional means for automatically collecting [58] Field of Search 72/391, 114 the mandrels is also provided The tool y be used [561 UNITED STATES PATENTS g I 3,328,985 7/1967 Keymer 72/391 17 Claims, 20 Drawing Figures PATENTEUUBT 30 975 saw 2 or 5 Fig.11

PATENTED URI 30 I975 SHEET U BF 5 Fig. l6

MANUALLY OPERATED MANDREL RIVET SETTING. TOOL WITH LEVER THROW ADJUSTMENT This application in a continuation-in-part of my copending application Ser. No. 10,891 filed 02,12,70, now U.S. Pat. 3,646,800.

This invention relates to a tool for setting mandrel rivets and more particularly to a hand tool which is. manually operated and which provides for adjustments to accommodate the use of rivets with mandrels of varying strength as well as the use by individuals possessing various grip strengths.

Mandrel rivets are widely used for securing together two or more workpieces in situations where there is access to only one side of the workpieces. These mandrel rivets are constructed to have an elongated mandrel atfixed to a head in a manner to permit the mandrel to be snapped off with the application of a predetermined pulling force which is a function of the mandrel material and design. A short, flanged tubular shank is positioned aroundthe mandrel at the head end. When the shank is inserted into aligned holes in the workpieces to be joined and the mandrel is pulled away from the head, the head spreads out the shank to lock the work pieces between the resulting flattened deformed end of the shank and its flange, and then to snap off the mandrel from the head. The mandrel is then removed from i the tool and discarded.

Several types of tools have been developed for inserting and actuating these mandrel rivets. (See for example U.S. Pats. Nos. 3,280,615, 3,324,700, 3,328,985 and. 3,399,561). It is the purpose of this invention to provide an improved tool, particularly one which can grip and hold a mandrel prior to inserting the rivet shank into the workpieces, which can be constructed to. provide automatic ejection of the mandrel into a collector, in which the grip can be adjusted for different mandrel metals, and in which the throw of the lever arms serving as the actuating means can also be adjusted.

It is therefore a primary object of this invention to provide an improved manually operated hand tool for setting mandrel rivets. It is another object to provide a tool of the character described which lightly grips the mandrel to hold the rivet so that it may be inserted while held by the tool into a workpiece in any orientation with respect to the tool operator. An additional object of the invention is to provide a tool which may, if desired, be readily adjustable both with regard to the manner in which the mandrel is removed and the force exertable by the gripping jaws on the mandrel. A further object is the provision of such a tool which includes means to adjust the throw of the lever arms of the tool. Other objects of the invention will in part be obvious and will in part be apparent hereinafter.

The invention accordingly comprises the features of construction, combinations of elements and arrangement of parts which will be exemplified in the constructions hereinafter set forth and the scope of the invention will be indicated in the claims.

For a fuller. understanding of the nature and objects of the invention, reference should be had to the following detailed description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings in which FIG. 1 is a side view of the tool of this invention;

FIG. 2 is an end viewof the tool;

FIG. 3 is a cross section of the rivet-holding end of the frame;

FIG. 4 is a cross section of that portion of the tool where the frame and actuating handle are joined for pivotal movement taken through plane 44 of, FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged, detailed] cross section of one embodiment of the pivot adjustment mechanism along with the rivet holding and actuating mechanism showing the insertion of a rivet therein;

FIG. 6 is an end view of one embodiment of the adjustable pivot nut;

FIG. 7 is a cross section of the pivot adjustment locking means taken through plane 7--7 of FIG. 5;

FIGS. 8 and 9 are perspective and cross sectional views of one of the jaws used in gripping;

FIG. 10 is a top planar view of a pair of the jaws;

FIG. 11 is an enlarged, detailed cross section of another embodiment of the pivot adjustment mechanism along with a rivet holding and actuating mechanism adapted for the discharge of the mandrel through the top of the tool and showing it in its mandrel gripping and holding position;

FIGS. 12 and 13 are modifications of the pivot adjustment mechanisms of FIG. 11;

FIG. 14 is a fragmentary cross section of a modification of the embodiment of FIG. 5 of the rivet holding and actuating mechanism incorporating a threaded member to adjust the compression of the spring;

FIG. 15 shows a modification of the spring adjusting means of FIG. 14;

FIG. 16 is a fragmentary cross section of a modification of the embodiment of FIG. 11 of the rivet holding and actuating mechanism incorporating a mandrel collector;

FIG. 17 illustrates the incorporation of a spring adjusting means into the apparatus of FIG. 16;

FIG. 18 is an enlarged, detailed cross section of another embodiment of the rivet holding and actuating mechanism in which the jaw actuating spring is located within the pivot adjustment mechanism;

FIG. 19 is a fragmentary section of a modification of the embodiment of FIG. 14 adapted for the discharge of the mandrel through the top of the mandrel holding and actuating mechanism; and

FIG. 20 shows a modification of the spring retaining means of FIG. 19. I

In the following description the words upper" and lower are used only in a relative sense to describe the tool in the orientation shown in the drawings. In use, the tool may be held in any desired position since, as will be described later, it is capable of holding the rivet, prior to insertion in the workpieces to be joined, in any desired orientation.

The hand tool of this invention is shown in side and end views in FIGS. 1 and 2. It will be seen to be formed of a frame 10, an actuating handle 11 and a rivet gripping and pulling mechanism 12. The frame 10 and actuating handle 11 are joined for pivotal motion with respect to each other, and the rivet gripping and pulling mechanism 12 is joined through a pivot adjustment mechanism to the actuating handle 11 for axial motion within the frame 10.

The frame 10 comprises a forward head section 15 which houses atleast a part of the gripping and pulling mechanism, a fulcrum extension member 16 having an opening 17 for a bushing and a flat stop member 18, and an elongated curved finger engaging handle 19 which may be partically covered with a sheath 20 having a good gripping surface. The actuating, palmengaging handle 11 comprises a forward section 21 which is bifurcated into two arms 22 and 23 (FIG. 2) between which the fulcrum extension member 16 is positioned. Actuating handle 11 has a curved gripping end 24 which begins with an enlarged section 25 and is covered by a sheath 26 having a good gripping surface. The combination of the curved handles, the upper one of which has the enlarged section 25, results in a comfortable grip for the user while maintaining his hand in the proper position. The pivot adjustment mechanism 13 makes possible the adjustment of the throw of actuating arm 1 1 acting as a lever arm with respect to finger engaging handle. Such an adjustment can be made to fit the grip of the person operating the tool and to adjust for the strength of the material from which the rivet is formed. Threaded bores are provided along the top of the actuating handle for carrying anvils such as 27, 28 and 29 of various bore diameters.

The pivotal connection between the finger engaging handle and the actuating handle 11 is made through a pivot pin 30 (see FIG. 4) which is positioned within a bushing 31, located in opening 17, and in two flanged bushings 32 and 33 located in appropriately sized openings in arms 22 and 23. The pin is locked with suitable snap rings 34 to prevent its axial movement.

A chamber 38 is defined within the forward head section of the frame (FIG. 3). This chamber is of a configuration which permits axial movement of the cylindrical mandrel gripping and pulling mechanism 12. The chamber 38 is open at the top and has a threaded opening 39 at what may be termed the muzzle end of the head 15. This threaded opening is adapted to receive a threaded anvil 40, as will be subsequently explained. The lower portion of the chamber has a frustoconical configuration 41 defined by a slanting wall 42.

FIG. 5 ia a detailed cross section of the mandrel gripping and pulling mechanism in position to receive the mandrel, i.e., with the actuating arm 11 pivoted to achieve maximum spacing from the finger-engaging handle which means that the mandrel gripping and pulling mechanism 12 is in its lowermost position. In

' this condition, the mandrel of the rivet may be readily inserted. Then by merely permitting the actuating handle to drop slightly through a very small arc the mandrel is held firmly in the tool, permitting the tool to be used as the means for introducing the rivet head and shank into the holes of the workpieces. This ability of the tool to hold the mandrel means that the rivets may be easily used for joining workpieces which would normally be in an awkward location if the rivet had to be hand held in place until the tool was brought into position.

In FIG. 5 in which like too] components are identified by like reference numerals used in FIGS. l-4, the rivet is seen positioned with respect to two workpieces 45 and 46 which are to be joined. The rivet is comprised of a mandrel 47 which terminates in head 48 which is joined to it in a manner to require a predetermined amount of force to break them apart. A tubular shank 49 having a flange 50 is slipped over the mandrel and attached to the head. As the mandrel is pulled, it causes the head to deform and flatten out the shank, thus locking the work pieces 45 and 46 together between the flange and the deformed and flattened side of the shank.

A portion of the mandrel-gripping and pulling mechanism is contained within a sleeve 51 which defines an actuator bore 52. The sleeve 51, at its upper end, is pivotally mounted through pivot adjustment mechanism 13 to arms 22 and 23. The pivot adjustment mechanism in the embodiment of FIG. 5 is seen to be comprised of a pivot adjusting T-rod 55 which is formed of a lower locking member section 56, a central threaded screw section 57 and an upper unthreaded section 58 adapted for engagement with a screwdriver or other suitable turning means; an adjustable pivot nut 59 adapted to engage the threads of screw section 57; a locking pivot nut 60 and a locking pin 61. The upper end of the pivot adjusting T-rod may also, of course, be threaded, knurled for manual turning or of any other suitable configuration. The threaded section must extend for a sufficient length to permit the desired degree of level adjustment when the T-rod is turned within adjustable pivot nut 59.

The adjustable pivot nut 59 is pivotally mounted to arms 22 and 23 by means of pivot pins 62 and 63 which are partially threaded for screwing into arms 22 and 23 and being locked thereto. The pivot nut 59 may be of any suitable cross sectional configuration, it being shown as square in cross section in FIG. 6. If it is of circular cross section, then it is preferably cut on top to have a flat surface for greater surface contact with locking pivot nut 60; The locking member 56 serves in this embodiment as a spring retaining means as described below.

Sleeve 51 extends beyond the upper end of forward head section 15, but terminates below the lower edge of thoseportions of arms 22 and 23 which extend directly above the forward head. In making adjustments in the lever throw by turning pivot adjusting T-rod 55, the sleeve 51 is free to turn within chamber 38 defined in forward head section 15 is shown in FIG. 7.

Before describing other embodiments of the basic tool structure it will be convenient to briefly describe the remaining components constituting the mandrel gripping and pulling mechanism.

Sleeve 51 has a generally frustoconical configuration at its lower end. The outer surface 65 (see FIG. 11) of this lower part of the sleeve essentially corresponds to the frustoconical configuration of slanting wall 42 of the inner wall of chamber 38. The lower inner wall 66 of the sleeve is also of a frustoconical configuration, the angle which it forms with the central axis of the sleeve being smaller than that formed by the outer surface 65. Since the sleeve must ride up and down on the conical surface 66 of the anvil 40 the lower edge 67 of the sleeve is cut at an angle to provide a surface which makes contact with anvil surface 68.

The anvil 40 is threaded for engagement with the threads of opening 39, and it has a bore sized to permit the mandrel 47 of the rivet to be passed through it. The anvils 27, 28 and 29 have bores of varying diameters to accommodate different sized mandrels. They are, of course, readily interchangeable.

The mandrel is gripped between two, essentially semicircular jaw pieces 70 which are detailed in FIGS. 8, 9 and 10. When assembled in the sleeve as in FIGS. 5, 11 and 14, the jaw pieces form an essentially frustoconical configuration corresponding essentially to that defined by the inner wall 66 of the lower section of the sleeve and define between them a threaded or serrated mandrel gripping channel 71. Each, essentially semicircular jaw piece is cut to have a major upper planar surface 72 which slants downwardly toward the central axis of the channel and which is preferably configured as an arcuate curve to define a slight central depression 73. This configuration assures continued accurate alignment of the anvil during operation. It is preferred that major upper planar surface 72 be intersected by a minor planar surface 74 which may slant in the same manner but at a lesser angle which approaches 90 with the plane of the central axis. The presence of the minor planar surface 74 cases the opening of the jaws when a force is applied to the planar surface 72. In a similar manner the lower jaw pieces are cut to have a major lower planar surface 75 which slants upwardly toward the central axis of the channel and which is intersected by a minor planar surface 76 which may slant in the same manner but at a lesser angle which approaches 90 with the plane of the central axis. The angle at which the major planar surface is cut is chosen so as to achieve contact between the planar surface 75 and the conical surface 68 of the anvil against which it rides. The minor planar surface 76 serves the same general purpose as the minor planar surface 74.

A jaw actuator member 80 in actuator bore 38 is positioned to apply force through contact of its inclined lower surface 81 with the major planar surfaces 72 of the jaws. This actuator member has a bore 82 running throughout its length, this bore being of a diameter such as to permit passage of the largest sized mandrels 47. The upper surface 83 of the jaw actuator member and the bottom surface of locking member 56 serve as means to maintain spring 84 in compression and hence in force applying relationship to the jaw actuator member and through it to the jaws.

In operation, when the actuating handle 11 is raised upwardly from handle 10, sleeve 51 is moved downardly to the position illustrated in FIG. 5. Force applied by spring 84 through jaw actuator 80 maintains the jaws in contact with sleeve surface 66 and anvil surface68. In this position, the jaws are spread out, the

gripping channel 71 is widened and the mandrel slips readily into place as shown in FIG. 5.

Merely bypermitting actuating handle 11 to fall without any force being applied to it raises the sleeve 51 sufficiently to cause the jaws to lock the mandrel and the rivet in place. Thisloaded position prior to insertion of the shank into the work pieces is a condition intermediate between the two positions shown in FIGS. 5 and 11, in which like components are identified with identical reference numerals. With the rivet thus lightly but firmly gripped it is possible to orient the tool in any way desired while holding the rivet. I

When the rivet is to be set, pressure is applied to handle 11 causing it to pull the sleeve 51 with respect to the frame, and causing the jaws to grip the mandrel. This results first in deforming the shank to a somewhat flattened state 85 and then in snapping the mandrel from the head. Through proper alignment of the fulcrum locus (e.g., pivot pin 30 of FIG. 1) with respect to the pivot axis of pivot pins 62 and 63, the mandrel pulling mechanism withdraws the mandrel in an essentially straight condition. This in turn means that the mandrel is easily removed either by permitting it to fall out of the tool or by automatically discharging it into a mandrel collector such as illustrated in the embodiment of FIG. 13. Stop 18 limits the extent to which the handles may be forced toward each other, thus preventing injury to fingers which might be caught between the handles. The rivet mandrel may be then removed through the anvil bore as in the embodiment of FIG. 5 or through the top of the pivot adjusting T-rod as in the embodiment of FIG. 11.

Adjustments in the lever throw are made by turning pivot adjusting T-rod 55 which in turn adjusts the distance between frame 10 and actuating handle 11. Thus, for example, by turning the pivot adjusting T-rod to move upwardly the spatial distance between frame 10 and actuating handle 11 is increased to increase the lever throw and hence the amount of force which may be applied in the mandrel gripping and pulling mechanism. Such increase in potentially applicable force adapts the tool for use with rivets having mandrels which are longer and formed of less malleable material than would be possible if the lever throw were not adjustable. Likewise, by turning the pivot adjusting T-rod to move downwardly the spatial distance between frame 10 and actuating handle 11 is decreased to decrease the lever throw and hence the amount of force which may be applied. Such an adjustment makes the tool satisfactory for handling rivets with shorter mandrels and/or with mandrel formed of a highly malleable material. Such an adjustment also makes it easier for an operator with smaller hands to use the tool easily.

In the embodiment of FIG. 11, in which like components are identified by the same reference numerals used in FIG. 5, means are provided for discharging the spent mandrels through the pivot adjustment mechanism, that is from that end of the gripping and adjusting mechanism opposite the muzzle end. Such an arrangement is particularly useful when the tool is being used to fasten a work piece overhead of the operator, e.g., on a ceiling. In the embodiment of FIG. 11, the pivot adjusting T-rod is formed of a lower locking member section 91, a central threaded section 92 and an upper unthreaded, externally knurled section 93. The pivot adjusting T-rod has a central bore 94, the diameter of which is the same as or approximates that of bore 82 in the jaw actuator. Adjustable pivot nut 59 is pivotally mounted as in the embodiment of FIG. 5 and is adapted to engage the threads of central threaded section 92. A locking nut such as nut 60 of FIG. 5 may be used to lock the pivot nut in place if desired. The locking member 91 is held in locked position through a collar 95 and two opposed locking pins 96 and 97. It will be seen that in the embodiment of FIG. 11 the pivot adjusting T-rod may be turned without turning sleeve 51, although it may turn if the frictional force between the lower surface of collar 95 and the upper surface of locking member 91 is great enough. As discussed above in conjunction with FIG. 7, the sleeve is free to turn if this is required or desired.

FIGS. 12 and 13 are fragmentary cross sections showing two modifications in the sleeve locking means which lock the pivot adjusting T-rod to the sleeve. In FIG. 12 the sleeve locking means takes the form of two threaded pins 98; and the openings in sleeve 51 and the pin receiving wells in the locking member section 91 are appropriately threaded. In FIG. 13, the sleeve locking means taken the form of two pins 99 which have grooves 100 adapted to hold a split ring 101. The outer surface of sleeve 51 is similarly grooved so that when the split ring is slipped into place, the pins 99 are locked into locking member section 91.

It may be advantageous to be able to adjust, in any one tool, the amount of force which is applied by the jaws in gripping the mandrel. Thus if the mandrel is made of aluminum this force is desirably less than if it is formed of, say, stainless steel or some other harder metal. In the case of a relatively soft metal such as aluminum it is desirable to use less force to minimize the buildup of metal in the serrations of the jaws. Excessive metal buildup in these serrations requires that the jaws be replaced. In the case of the harder metals, it is of course necessary to apply more force to assure gripping of the mandrel. The tool modifications illustrated in FIGS. 14, and 17 provide means for adjusting the gripping force in addition to the interchanging of springs of various compressive strengths.

In FIG. 14, in which like reference numerals are used to identify like components in FIG- 5, the upper spring retaining means is a threaded member 102 adapted to engage threads 103 cut within the inner wall of sleeve 51. The position of threaded member 102 may be used to exert more or less compressive force on spring 84. The threaded member must have some way to engage a screwing mechanism for locating it into its desired position, such as notch 104. It is of course, within the scope of this invention to incorporate such spring adjusting means in the embodiment of FIG. 11 by using a threaded annular ring in place of the solid threaded member 102.

Instead of using a separate threaded member as 102 in the apparatus of FIG. 14, it is possible to thread the surface of lower locking member section 56 and a portion of the internal wall of sleeve 51 as shown in FIG. 15. Rotation of the pivot adjusting T-rod between predetermined limits effects the desired adjustment in compressive force on spring 84. Two opposed threaded locking pins 105 serve to lock the T-rod in place once the adjustment within these limits (shown by solid and dotted lines) is made.

In using tools to set rivets of the type described it is usually customary to permit the mandrels to fall out of the tool into the work area. This may be highly undesirable from the point of view of personal safety for they can cause serious falls when stepped on. The collector 107 of FIG. 16 prevents such hazards and may be used in one of two different modes. If a spring is used which has normal compressive strength the mandrel may be collected by merely turning the tool over to permit the mandrel to fall freely into collector 107. The second mode of operation is based upon the use of a weaker spring which, when the mandrel is snapped from the head, causes the mandrel to be impelled into the collector 107. Rather than interchanging springs, it is also possible to adjust the relative strength of the spring by using spring adjusting means such as that shown in FIG. 17 and described below. the mandrel collector 107 is, of course, useable only on a tool which permits the discharge of the mandrel through the pivot adjusting mechanism as in the embodiments of FIGS. 16 and 19. The mandrel collector 107 is preferably constructed to have a neck section 108 which is internally threaded at 109 to enable the collector to be screwed down over the central threaded section 92 of the pivot adjustment T-rod as shown in FIG. 16. It is, of course, also within the scope of this invention to employ any other means for making collector 107 attachable to the pivot adjustment mechanism.

As noted above, it is possible to build springadjusting means into the tool embodiment of FIG. 16 (or of FIG. 11) as shown in FIG. 17 wherein like reference numerals are used to identify like components in FIG. 16. In the modification of FIG. 17, a portion of the internal wall of sleeve 51 is threaded at and a threaded annular spring adjusting ring 111 with two small key holes 112 is inserted into the sleeve and turned until it applies the desired compressive force on spring 84. The turning of spring adjusting ring 111 is accomplished by engaging two keys 113 on the bottom side of locking member section 91 into the key holes 112. This is, of course, done by turning the pivot adjusting T-rod 90 downwardly until the ring 111 is located in the desired position and then turning it to raise it to its desired position. Since it is necessary to keep sleeve 51 stationary with respect to the forward head section 15 in order to turn ring 111, sleeve 51 is provided with a keyway 114 adatped to engage a key set screw 115. The modification of FIG. 17 has the advantage that adjustments in the spring may be made without having to disassemble the pivot adjusting mechanism.

In my copending application Ser. No. 10,891 1 have described and claimed a mandrel rivet setting tool which does not include means for adjusting the lever throw. In the tool described and claimed in Ser. No. 10,891 the sleeve 51 extends up into the space defined between the arms of the bifurcated actuating handle and in a preferred embodiment the pivot pins (e.g., 61 and 63 of FIG. 5) serve as the spring retaining means. In the tool of this invention, the interposition of the pivot adjustment mechanism 13 can in some designs add to the overall length of the mandrel gripping and pulling mechanism. In some instances this added length may not be desirable and it may be eliminated by locating the spring within the pivot adjustment mechanism, rather than in the actuator bore, as illustrated in the embodiments of FIGS. 18 and 19.

In order to locate the spring within the pivot adjustment mechanism some modifications are necessary in the pivot adjusting T-rod and in the jaw actuator. As will be seen in the embodiment of FIG. 18, designed to withdraw the mandrels from the muzzle end, the pivot adjusting T-rod is formed as before in three sections, namely the locking member section 121, the central threaded section 122 and the upper section 123 which may be threaded, unthreaded, knurled, etc. Extending through locking member section 121 and at least through a major portion of the central threaded section 122 is a central bore or channel 124 in which spring 125 is positioned. The jaw actuator 126 has integral with its top surface 127 (or affixed thereto) a centrally located, relatively short piston member extension 128 which has a bore 129 serving as a continuation of bore 82in the actuator body. The actuator piston member 128 fits into channel 124 of pivot adjusting T-rod and is free to reciprocate therein at least to the extent this is necessitated by the movement of the mandrel gripping and pulling mechanism. The upper edge 130 of the piston member and the top surface 131 of channel 124 serve as spring retaining means. In constructing the pivot adjusting T-rod 120, it may be desirable to make the locking member section 121 somewhat longer and to make the central threaded section of a somewhat larger diameter than in the embodiment of FIG. 11 to provide added strength. l

FIG. 19 illustrates the placement of the spring within the pivot adjustment mechanism in an embodiment suitable for discharging the mandrels through the pivot adjustment mechanism. In FIG. 19 like components are identified by the same reference numerals as in FIG. 18. In the tool of FIG. 19, the channel 124 is continued through the pivot adjusting T-rod by way of a smaller diameter channel 135 which forms a shoulder 136 where it joins channel 124, this shoulder serving as the upper spring retaining means. The central threaded section 122 may be lengthened or the upper section may be threaded so that a mandrel collector such as shown in FIG. 16 may be screwed on or otherwise af fixed to the tool. If desired, the upper section of the internal wall defining channel 124 may be threaded as shown in FIG. 20 at 140; and a threaded spring adjusting member comparable to member 102 of FIG. 14 or a threaded annular ring 141 comparable to ring 111 of FIG. 17 inserted and turned to adjust the compression on spring 125 in the same manner as described for the modifications illustrated in FIGS. 14 and 17.

It will thus be seen that the objects set forth above, among those made apparent from the preceding description, are efficiently attained, and, since certain changes may be made in the above constructions without departing from the scope of the invention, it is intended that all matter contained in the aobve description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

I claim:

1. A mandrel rivet setting tool, comprising in combination a. a framehaving integral therewith a fulcrum extention member and an elongated finger engaging handle;

b. a chamber defined within a forward head extension of said frame, said chamber being open at the top and having frustoconical configuration at its muzzle end which terminates in a threaded opening in said frame;

c. an actuating, palm-engaging handle bifurcated at its actuating end into two arms, said actuating handle being pivotally connected to said frame through said fulcrum extension member positioned between said arms;

d. a sleeve defining therein an actuator bore, said sleeve being slideably movable within said chamber and extending beyond the length of said chamber but terminating below the edge of that portion of said arms directly above said forward head section, said sleeve having an outer frustoconical configuration essentially corresponding to the configuration of said chamber at its muzzle end and an inner lower frustoconical configuration;

e. an anvil having a conical contacting surface and a bore of a predetermined'size adapted to permit the passage of the mandrel of a rivet therethrough, said anvil being threaded for screwing into the threaded opening of said frame;

f. a pair of jaws within said actuator bore, said jaws when assembled having an outer surface configuration which essentially conforms to the inner lower frustoconical configuration of said sleeve and which define between them a threaded passage adapted to grip a rivet mandel, each of said jaws being cut to define upper and lower inclined planar surfaces, the upper planar surface slanting downwardly toward the central axis of said sleeve'and the lower planar surface slanting upwardly to said central axis and being adapted to at least in part engage the conical contacting surface of said anvil;

g. a hollow jaw actuator member adapted to move within said actuator bore and having a jaw contacting surface adapted to achieve surface contact with said upper planar slanting surfaces of said jaws;

h. pivot adjustment means comprising in combination 1 a pivot-adjusting T-rod having a central threaded section and a locking member section;

2. adjustable pivot nut means adapted to engage said central threaded section of said pivotadjusting T-rod, and

3. sleeve locking means adapted to lock said pivotadjusting T-rod to said sleeve;

i. pivot means joining said adjustable pivot nut means to said actuating handle between said arms of said handle whereby the turning of said pivot-adjusting T-rod adjusts the lever throw of said handle;

j. a spring in force-applying engagement with said jaw actuator member; and

k. spring retaining means.

2. A mandrel rivet setting tool in accordance with claim 1 wherein said upper planar surface of said jaws is configured as an arcuate curve to provide continued alignment with said jaw actuator member.

3. A mandrel rivet setting tool in accordance with claim 1 including a locking pivot nut engagable with said adjustable pivot nut means. i

4. A mandrel rivet setting toolin accordance with claim 1 wherein said pivot-adjusting T-rod is of solid construction and said sleeve locking means comprises a single locking pin, whereby said sleeve rotates when said pivot-adjusting T-rod is turned to adjust said lever throw.

5. A mandrel rivet setting tool in accordance with claim 1 wherein said pivot-adjusting T-rod has a central mandrel discharge passage extending throughout its length. i

6. A mandrel rivel setting tool in accordance with claim 5 wherein said sleeve locking means comprises collar means engagable with said locking member section and locking pins adapted to lock said collar into said sleeve.

7. A mandrel rivet setting tool in accordance with claim 5 wherein said sleeve locking means comprises opposed pins extending through the wall of said sleeve into said locking member section of said pivot adjustment means.

8. A mandrel rivet setting tool in accordance with claim 7 wherein said opposed pins are retained in locking position by a slip ring held in a groove defined in the ends of said pins and the external wall of said sleeve.

9. A mandrel rivet setting tool in accordance with claim 5 including mandrel collection means attachable in mandrel receiving relationship to the open end of said pivot-adjusting T-rod.

10. A mandrel rivet setting tool in accordance with claim 1 wherein said spring is located within said actuator bore in said sleeve.

11. A mandrel rivet setting tool in accordance with claim 10 wherein said locking member section of said pivot-adjusting T-rod serves as said spring retention means.

12. A mandrel rivet setting tool in accordance with claim wherein at least a portion of the internal wall of said sleeve is threaded and said spring retention means comprises a threaded member adapted to engage the threads of said internal wall and to be located in a desired position to adjust the degree of compression of said spring.

13. A mandrel rivet setting tool in accordance with claim 12 wherein said pivot-adjusting T-rod has a central mandrel discharge passage extending throughout its length, wherein said threaded member is an annular ring having opposed key holes in its surface adapted for engagement with corresponding keys in the surface of the locking member section of said pivot adjustment means, and wherein the external surface of said sleeve has a keyway adapted to engage a key in the wall of said forward head section, whereby said threaded member may be turned by turning said pivot adjusting T-rod to adjust the compression of said spring.

14. A mandrel rivet setting tool in accordance with claim 1 wherein said pivot-adjusting T-rod has a centrally positioned channel therein opening into said actuator bore and providing said spring retaining means, wherein said jaw actuator member has a centrally positioned piston extension sized to fit into and reciprocate within said centrally positioned channel, and wherein said spring is located within said channel and held in compression between said spring retaining means and said piston extension.

15. A mandrel rivet setting tool in accordance with claim 14 wherein said channel is terminated within said pivot-adjusting T-rod, the upper wall of said channel serving as said spring retaining means.

16. A mandrel rivet setting tool in accordance with claim 14 wherein said channel extends throughout the length of said pivot-adjusting T-rod and is formed as a larger diameter section in which said spring is located and an upper smaller diameter section defining with said larger diameter section a shoulder which serves as said spring retaining means.

17. A mandrel rivet setting tool in accordance with claim 14 wherein a portion of the internal wall of said centrally positioned channel is threaded and wherein said spring retaining means comprises a threaded member adapted to engage the threads of said internal wall and to be located in a desired position to adjust the degree of compression of said spring within said channel. 

1. A mandrel rivet setting tool, comprising in combination a. a frame having integral therewith a fulcrum extention member and an elongated finger engaging handle; b. a chamber defined within a forward head extension of said frame, said chamber being open at the top and having frustoconical configuration at its muzzle end which terminates in a threaded opening in said frame; c. an actuating, palm-engaging handle bifurcated at its actuating end into two arms, said actuating handle being pivotally connected to said frame through said fulcrum extension member positioned between said arms; d. a sleeve defining therein an actuator bore, said sleeve being slideably movable within said chamber and extending beyond the length of said chamber but terminating below the edge of that portion of said arms directly above said forward head section, said sleeve having an outer frustoconical configuration essentially corresponding to the configuration of said chamber at its muzzle end and an inner lower frustoconical configuration; e. an anvil having a conical contacting surface and a bore of a predetermined size adapted to permit the passage of the mandrel of a rivet therethrough, said anvil being threaded for screwing into the threaded opening of said frame; f. a pair of jaws within said actuator bore, said jaws when assembled having an outer surface configuration which essentially conforms to the inner lower frustoconical configuration of said sleeve and which define between them a threaded passage adapted to grip a rivet mandel, each of said jaws being cut to define upper and lower inclined planar surfaces, the upper planar surface slanting downwardly toward the central axis of said sleeve and the lower planar surface slanting upwardLy to said central axis and being adapted to at least in part engage the conical contacting surface of said anvil; g. a hollow jaw actuator member adapted to move within said actuator bore and having a jaw contacting surface adapted to achieve surface contact with said upper planar slanting surfaces of said jaws; h. pivot adjustment means comprising in combination
 1. a pivot-adjusting T-rod having a central threaded section and a locking member section;
 2. adjustable pivot nut means adapted to engage said central threaded section of said pivot-adjusting T-rod, and
 3. sleeve locking means adapted to lock said pivot-adjusting Trod to said sleeve; i. pivot means joining said adjustable pivot nut means to said actuating handle between said arms of said handle whereby the turning of said pivot-adjusting T-rod adjusts the lever throw of said handle; j. a spring in force-applying engagement with said jaw actuator member; and k. spring retaining means.
 2. adjustable pivot nut means adapted to engage said central threaded section of said pivot-adjusting T-rod, and
 2. A mandrel rivet setting tool in accordance with claim 1 wherein said upper planar surface of said jaws is configured as an arcuate curve to provide continued alignment with said jaw actuator member.
 3. sleeve locking means adapted to lock said pivot-adjusting T-rod to said sleeve; i. pivot means joining said adjustable pivot nut means to said actuating handle between said arms of said handle whereby the turning of said pivot-adjusting T-rod adjusts the lever throw of said handle; j. a spring in force-applying engagement with said jaw actuator member; and k. spring retaining means.
 3. A mandrel rivet setting tool in accordance with claim 1 including a locking pivot nut engagable with said adjustable pivot nut means.
 4. A mandrel rivet setting tool in accordance with claim 1 wherein said pivot-adjusting T-rod is of solid construction and said sleeve locking means comprises a single locking pin, whereby said sleeve rotates when said pivot-adjusting T-rod is turned to adjust said lever throw.
 5. A mandrel rivet setting tool in accordance with claim 1 wherein said pivot-adjusting T-rod has a central mandrel discharge passage extending throughout its length.
 6. A mandrel rivel setting tool in accordance with claim 5 wherein said sleeve locking means comprises collar means engagable with said locking member section and locking pins adapted to lock said collar into said sleeve.
 7. A mandrel rivet setting tool in accordance with claim 5 wherein said sleeve locking means comprises opposed pins extending through the wall of said sleeve into said locking member section of said pivot adjustment means.
 8. A mandrel rivet setting tool in accordance with claim 7 wherein said opposed pins are retained in locking position by a slip ring held in a groove defined in the ends of said pins and the external wall of said sleeve.
 9. A mandrel rivet setting tool in accordance with claim 5 including mandrel collection means attachable in mandrel receiving relationship to the open end of said pivot-adjusting T-rod.
 10. A mandrel rivet setting tool in accordance with claim 1 wherein said spring is located within said actuator bore in said sleeve.
 11. A mandrel rivet setting tool in accordance with claim 10 wherein said locking member section of said pivot-adjusting T-rod serves as said spring retention means.
 12. A mandrel rivet setting tool in accordance with claim 10 wherein at least a portion of the internal wall of said sleeve is threaded and said spring retention means comprises a threaded member adapted to engage the threads of said internal wall and to be located in a desired position to adjust the degree of compression of said spring.
 13. A mandrel rivet setting tool in accordance with claim 12 wherein said pivot-adjusting T-rod has a central mandrel discharge passage extending throughout its length, wherein said threaded member is an annular ring having opposed key holes in its surface adapted for engagement with corresponding keys in the surface of the locking member section of said pivot adjustment means, and wherein the external surface of said sleeve has a keyway adapted to engage a key in the wall of said forward head section, whereby said threaded member may be turned by turning said pivot adjusting T-rod to adjust the compression of said spring.
 14. A mandrel rivet setting tool in accordance with claim 1 wheRein said pivot-adjusting T-rod has a centrally positioned channel therein opening into said actuator bore and providing said spring retaining means, wherein said jaw actuator member has a centrally positioned piston extension sized to fit into and reciprocate within said centrally positioned channel, and wherein said spring is located within said channel and held in compression between said spring retaining means and said piston extension.
 15. A mandrel rivet setting tool in accordance with claim 14 wherein said channel is terminated within said pivot-adjusting T-rod, the upper wall of said channel serving as said spring retaining means.
 16. A mandrel rivet setting tool in accordance with claim 14 wherein said channel extends throughout the length of said pivot-adjusting T-rod and is formed as a larger diameter section in which said spring is located and an upper smaller diameter section defining with said larger diameter section a shoulder which serves as said spring retaining means.
 17. A mandrel rivet setting tool in accordance with claim 14 wherein a portion of the internal wall of said centrally positioned channel is threaded and wherein said spring retaining means comprises a threaded member adapted to engage the threads of said internal wall and to be located in a desired position to adjust the degree of compression of said spring within said channel. 